Claude Pouillet

Claude Servais Mathias Pouillet (February 16, 1791–June 14, 1868) was a French physicist and a professor of physics at the Sorbonne and member of the French Academy of Science.

Pouillet was born in Cusance, Doubs, France.

The famous Pouillet effect was named after the phenomenon that he published in 1822 on the heat produced by the wetting of dry sand.

He developed a pyrheliometer and made, between 1837 and 1838, the first quantitative measurements of Solar constant. His estimate was 1228 W/m2, very close current estimate, 1367 W/m2. Using the wrong Dulong-Petit law he estimated the temperature of the Sun's surface to be around 1800 °C. This value was corrected in 1879 to 5430 °C by Jožef Stefan (1835–1893).

Pouillet works include:

Svante Arrhenius (1896) cited a great deal of Pouillet's work.

Pouillet died in Paris, France.

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